Female Hormones Serve as the Missing Link in Alzheimer’s Disease

The study, published in the journal Alzheimer’s & Dementia, also highlights the importance of developing therapeutic strategies focused on these hormonal connections.

The research indicates a need to better understand the role of estradiol — a form of the female sex hormone estrogen, used therapeutically to mitigate menopause symptoms — in Alzheimer’s disease.

“To understand how sex hormones play a role in Alzheimer’s, we need to study appropriate animal models. Unfortunately, most studies at this level still focus mainly on the male brain,” said Vania Prado, professor of, the departments of physiology and pharmacology and anatomy & cell biology at Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry.

Our research emphasizes the importance of using animal models that reflect, for instance, postmenopausal women, to understand how sex hormones influence Alzheimer’s pathology, Prado added.

One of the key markers of Alzheimer’s disease is the toxic build-up of the protein beta-amyloid in the brain, which eventually disrupts the brain’s communications system and impacts cognition.

The Brain-Binding Connection

The new study shows that the brain chemistry of male and female mice regulates beta-amyloid protein in Alzheimer’s in different ways, with the hormone estradiol contributing to this variation.

“We found that when the sex hormone estradiol was present, the relationship between acetylcholine and toxic amyloid was lost, but when sex hormones were eliminated in the female mice that relationship reproduced the results seen in humans,” said study leader Liliana German-Castelan.

Researchers emphasized that if they hadn’t included female mice in the study, they might have missed crucial information about Alzheimer’s and sex differences.

“To develop more effective therapeutics, we need to study animal models that can reproduce different aspects of the journey. Sex hormones and estradiol levels are just one of these factors,” said Prado.

Reference :

1. Sex‐dependent cholinergic effects on amyloid pathology: A translational study
   – (https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/alz.13481)

Source: IANS